Introduction:
The Periyar Wildlife Sanctuary is one of the most popular tourist destinations in India. The Periyar Wildlife Sanctuary is located in the Western Ghats, in the Idukki district of the state of Kerala. The Periyar Wildlife Sanctuary is also known as the Periyar Tiger Reserve. The north-east boundary of the Periyar forest is a 90 kilometers border between the states of Kerala and Tamil Nadu. The Periyar Lake covers an area of 26 square kilometers and is the core region of the Periyar Tiger Reserve. The territory of the Periyar Wildlife Sanctuary is riffling. The base of the main prey of the tiger is sambar, along with the wild boar and the Indian bison. The big herds of cattle are found in the peripheral areas of the forest and they also form an important portion of prey for the tigers.

About Conservation History of Periyar Wildlife Sanctuary:
The conservation in the Periyar Wildlife Sanctuary is considered as a model of bio-diversity conservation, which has emerged as a dynamic and sustainable example for the advancing world.

In India, the protected areas stand as islands bounded by a vast region of the poor and a deprived population. There remains always a risk factor for the wild animals that inhabit the places beside the human localities. But tiger poaching has not been accounted in the last decade and it is estimated that some 26 to 36 tigers have prospered in this span of time. The mission was successful because of the local village people who understood the need of the hour and got involved in an exclusive bio-diversity conservation programme.

The primary concerns of the Periyar Wildlife Sanctuary, Kerala are bio-diversity conservation and eco-development. Every year, nearly half a million tourists visit the wildlife sanctuary and the entire eco-tourism is managed and looked-after by the local people. Most amazingly, along with the women, there are also the ex-poachers who are found working for the forest department as well as educating the visitors.

The bottom line of the Conservation History of Periyar Wildlife Sanctuary in Kerala is that no effective conservation is possible without taking into consideration the regional socio-economic issues. According to one of the officials of the wildlife park, the activities in the area of the forest have moved from patrolling to social fencing. The main motive behind the conservation is to build parks without boundaries.

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