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 The history of Jantar Mantar traces the history of astronomical interest of India. The Jantar Mantar is an astronomical observatory in Delhi constructed by King Sawai Jai Singh II. Located in the bustling Sansad Marg, the Jantar Mantar is another example of the scientific achievements of ancient India.
Constructed in the year 1724, the observatory was the result of Sawai Jai Singh’s passion for astronomy related subjects. It was called the Yantra Mantra. Jai Singh built four other such observatories in Jaipur, Ujjain, Mathura and Varanasi.
Jantar Mantar was created to monitor movements of the celestial bodies. It consists of different abstract structures which were used to know the deepest secrets of the universe.
During the reign of Muhammad Shah, the Hindu and Muslim astrologers were involved in brainstorming debate about certain planetary positions. So to put an end to that and also to determine the most auspicious hour for the emperor’s expedition, Sawai Jai Singh decided to rectify the astronomical tables. This resulted in the construction of Jantar Mantar
The vast red sloping structure in the Jantar Mantar is the sundial which is known as the Samrat Yantra. It is an equinoctial sun dial. The sundial casts the shadows to calculate the time and the movement of planetary positions.
There is a Misra Yantra which has a number of functions and it can also measure the shortest and longest day of the year.
Besides this, the Ram Yantra and the Jay Prakash Yantra were meant to monitor the movement of celestial bodies.
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